• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A building block is described. The building block comprises in the orientation intended during use: -a first block; -another block; -an insulation block; wherein the insulation block is arranged between the first block and the second block; wherein the building block has an extension in a longitudinal direction X, in a depth direction Y and in a height direction Z; wherein the building block thus comprises a number of distinct surfaces which are separated in pairs by an edge. The building block is characterized in that the building block comprises one or more channels, one or more of these one or more channels defining a passage from one distinct surface to another distinct surface.
    公开号:DK201900693A1
    申请号:DKP201900693
    申请日:2019-06-07
    公开日:2021-02-18
    发明作者:Ole Olsen Christian
    申请人:Skagen Cementstoeberi As；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to the field of construction. More specifically, the present invention relates in a first aspect to a building block. In another aspect, the present invention relates to a building system comprising a number of building blocks, wherein one or more building blocks is a building block according to the first aspect of the invention. In a third and a fourth aspect, methods of manufacturing a building block according to the first aspect of the invention are disclosed. In a fifth aspect, the present invention relates to the use of a building block according to the first aspect of the invention or of a building system according to the second aspect of the invention as a building element (s) in a building.
    Background of the invention For the construction of a foundation for a wall for, for example, a house, building blocks are known which - comprise a first block, a second block and an insulation block, which is arranged between the first and the second block. As the foundation of a building is built with these building blocks, improved insulation against cold is obtained from the outside due to the presence of the insulation block between the first block and the second block. In some applications of this building block, several layers of building blocks can be arranged on top of each other, where the upper layer of building blocks - comprises said building block in an embodiment where the first block has the same height as the insulation block and where the second block has a lower height. By letting the lower second block face the interior of the building, you can cast a concrete floor over this lower, second block and thereby achieve good insulation against outside penetrating cold. The mentioned building block is described in Danish utility model application DK 2011 00144 U3.
    Radon is an invisible gas without taste and smell, which occurs naturally in the subsoil. Radon has a density at standard pressure and temperature of 9.73 g / l. Although radon has a density greater than the density of atmospheric air (1.2 g / l), radon still tends to rise from the earth's interior.
    The amount of radon in the soil can vary geographically depending on the composition of the subsoil.
    The amount of radon can vary within the same municipal boundary and even between two neighboring houses, because the houses' constructions, condition and ventilation are important.
    As radon is radioactive, exposure to radon over a longer period of time will pose a health risk. For this reason, there is a general interest in reducing human exposure to radon. Radon can penetrate a building through cracks and fissures against the ground because there is often lower air pressure inside the building than under the building. Therefore, there is always a higher radon concentration in the indoor air than in the outdoor air. The more radon there is in the indoor air, the greater the risk of health damage, such as lung cancer. Therefore, any radon reduction is an advantage.
    , DK 2019 00693 A1 The Danish building regulations thus stipulate that radon-proof new houses to such an extent that the content of radon in the indoor air does not exceed 100 Bq / m /.
    - Although a steel-reinforced concrete floor with a thickness of 100 mm or more is generally considered to be impermeable to radon, this only applies to the extent that the concrete floor is free of cracks or fissures. Such cracks or fissures will sometimes form over time, thus causing radon to penetrate from the subsoil and up through the floor of a house with a concrete floor.
    Thus, there is a need for technology that can help reduce the radon concentration in a building's interior.
    It is an object of the present invention in its various aspects to provide technology which can help to reduce the radon concentration in the interior of a building.
    Brief Description of the Invention This object is achieved with the invention according to its various aspects.
    Thus, according to a first aspect, the present invention relates to a building block, wherein the building block in the orientation intended during use comprises: a first block; -another block; -an insulation block; wherein the insulation block is arranged between the first block and the second block; wherein the building block has an extension in a longitudinal direction X, in a depth direction Y and in a height direction Z; Wherein the building block thus comprises a number of distinct surfaces which are separated in pairs by an edge; characterized in that the building block comprises one or more channels, one or more of these one or more channels defining a passage from one distinct surface 8 to another distinct surface.
    The second aspect according to the invention is provided with a building system comprising a number of building blocks, one or more building blocks each being a building block according to the first aspect of the invention.
    In a third aspect, the invention provides a method of manufacturing a building block according to the first aspect of the invention, comprising the steps of:
    2 DK 2019 00693 A1 a) providing a first block, a second block and an insulation block in the desired dimensions in such a way that the building block defines the channel or channels during assembly; b) assembling the first building block, the second building block and the insulation block in such a way that the insulation block is arranged between the first block and the second block; wherein the assembly is made by using glue or adhesive, or by mechanical adhesion, such as in the form of bolts or screws; c) waiting for the glue or adhesive to harden if glue or adhesive is used. In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a method of manufacturing a building block 100 according to the first aspect of the invention and comprising the steps of: a) providing a first block, a second block and an insulation block in the desired dimensions; b) assembling the first building block, the second building block and the insulation block in such a way that the insulation block is arranged between the first block and the second block; wherein - the assembly is made by using glue or glue, or by mechanical adhesion, such as in the form of bolts or screws; c) waiting for the glue or adhesive to harden if glue or adhesive is used; d) formation of the channel or channels in the building block, e.g. when drilling and / or milling material.
    According to the invention, a fifth aspect is a use of a building block according to the first aspect of the invention or of a building system according to the second aspect of the invention as a building element (s) in a building.
    The present invention in its various aspects can assist in the removal of radon in the interior of buildings, thereby achieving a healthier indoor climate.
    Brief description of figures Figs. la shows in perspective a building block according to prior art.
    FIG. 1b shows a cross section of a wall / floor construction according to prior art. Fig. 2a shows in perspective an embodiment of a building block according to the present invention. FIG. 2b shows in cross section the embodiment shown in Figs. 2a. FIG. 3 shows in cross section another embodiment of a building block according to the present invention.
    2 DK 2019 00693 A1 Fig. 4 shows in cross section yet another embodiment of a building block according to the present invention. FIG. 5 shows in cross section an alternative embodiment of a building block according to the present invention. Fig. 6 shows in cross section another alternative embodiment of a building block according to the present invention. FIG. 7a shows in cross section yet another alternative embodiment of a building block according to the present invention. FIG. Fig. 7b shows in cross section an alternative embodiment of the building block shown in Figs. 7a.
    Fig. 8a shows in perspective an embodiment of a building block according to the present invention, which serves to form an inner corner of a foundation. FIG. 8b shows in perspective an embodiment of a building block according to the present invention, which serves to form an outer corner of a foundation. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a building system according to the present invention.
    Detailed Description of the Invention Thus, according to a first aspect, the present invention relates to a building block, wherein the building block in the orientation intended for use comprises: - a first block; -another block; -an insulation block; wherein the insulation block is arranged between the first block and the second block; wherein the building block has an extension in a longitudinal direction X, in a depth direction Y and in a height direction Z; Wherein the building block thus comprises a number of distinct surfaces which are separated in pairs by an edge; characterized in that the building block comprises one or more channels, one or more of these one or more channels defining a passage from one distinct surface 8 to another distinct surface.
    As the building block according to the first aspect of the invention is provided with one or more channels, it is possible with the building block to direct radon, which has accumulated under a floor in a building, from the building and into the open air.
    . DK 2019 00693 A1 This raises the quality of the indoor climate in a building for which the described building blocks have been used. By the term "orientation intended for use", as used in the present description and the appended claims, it can be understood that the building block is arranged so that its - lower surface, or at least a part thereof, defines a horizontal plane and thus , that the outer surfaces of resp. the first and second blocks are vertically oriented. By the term "distinct surface", as used in the present description and the appended claims, is meant a part of the total surface of the building block, this part of the surface being separated from other parts of the surface of the building block by one or more edges.
    An edge can be an inner edge, thus defining a concave boundary between two distinct surfaces. By the term "concave", in the present description and the appended claims, it can be understood that the angle between such two distinct surfaces separated by said edge is in the range [0; 180%]. Typically, one will see that the angle between two distinct surfaces at a concave edge is approximately 90 °.
    An edge can also be an outer edge, thus defining a convex boundary between two distinct surfaces. By the term "convex" in the present description and the appended claims it is understood that the angle between such two distinct surfaces separated by said edge is in the range [180; 360%]. Typically, one will see that the angle between two distinct surfaces at a convex edge is approximately 270 °.
    A preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention defines a first interface between the insulation block and the first block, and a second interface is defined between the insulation block and the second block, the first interface and the second interface each lying in an XZ plane.
    This ensures that the insulation block is oriented vertically, thereby providing the best possible thermal insulation between the interior of a building and the external surroundings. In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, the first block and / or the second block comprises a mineral material, such as clay, cement, concrete. These materials have proven advantageous for the intended purpose of use for a building block. In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention - the insulation block comprises a porous or foamed material, such as rock wool or glass wool; or polystyrene, polyurethane.
    These materials have proven advantageous for the intended purpose of use as thermal insulation for a building block. In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, one or more of the channels extend from one distinct surface of the building block to the other distinct surface of the building block partially or completely inside the interior of the building block.
    In DK 2019 00693 A1 In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, one or more of the channels extend from one distinct surface of the building block to the other distinct surface of the building block partially or completely along a part of a distinct surface of the building block. These two embodiments can be advantageous in their own way.
    In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, one or more of the channels run independently through at least a part of the first block and / or at least through a part of the second block and / or at least through a part of the insulation block.
    —In some designs, where great emphasis is placed on a building block, it may be advantageous, as far as possible, to let the duct run in the insulation block. In other cases it may be advantageous to let the channel run in the first block and / or the second block. In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, the - first block and / or the second block and / or the insulation block, disregarding a possible presence of the channel or channels, constitute a right-angled parallelepiped. This results in box-shaped building blocks that are traditionally the easiest to build with. By the term "disregarding the possible presence of the channel or channels", as used in the present description and the appended claims, it can be understood that one imagines the channel filled with material so that the geometric figure emerges is a right-angled parallelepiped. In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, the building block has such a shape that a cross section of the building block in the XY plane, at least at a given height, and preferably at any height of the building block, defines a rectangle, or - defines a trapezoidal shape, where two angles of this trapezoidal shape are right-angled, and where other two angles of this trapezoidal shape are not right-angled. This results in a building block which is either box-shaped or trapezoidal. These designs are useful for building a foundation for a building. In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, - the extent Hi in the height direction Z of the first block, the extent H, in the height direction Z of the second block and the extent H; in the height direction Z of the insulation block substantially the same. In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, the extent Hi in the height direction Z of the first block and the extent Hs in the height direction Z the stripping block are substantially the same; and the extent H »in the height direction Z of the second block is less than the extent Hi in the height direction Z of the first block.
    , DK 2019 00693 A1 These two versions are resp. suitable for use as a non-top building block and top building block for a foundation. In the latter case, the lower height of the second building block allows a floor to be arranged or cast on top of this lower, second building block. In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, the extension L in the longitudinal direction X of the first block and the extension La in the longitudinal direction X of the second block and the extension L3 in the longitudinal direction X of the insulation block are substantially the same. In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, the extension L in the longitudinal direction X of the first block and the extension La in the longitudinal direction X of the second block are substantially the same; and the extent Ls in the longitudinal direction X of the insulation block is greater than the extensions Li, Li the longitudinal direction X of resp. the first block and the second block. By providing the building blocks with a middle insulation block that has a greater length than the first block and the second block, it can be ensured that when building a foundation, cold bridges are avoided, as it is possible to let the insulation block for one building block abut completely to the insulation block for an adjacent building block. In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, the first block has an extent Di in the depth direction Y, and the second block has an extent D> in the depth direction Y, and the insulation block has an extent Ds in the depth direction Y; where Di = D, = D :; or where Di <D, = D ;; or where D; = D, <Ds; or where D; <D2 <Ds. These interrelationships between thicknesses for resp. the first block, the second block and the insulation block allow different designs for the building block. For example, for insulation reasons, it may be advantageous to leave D3 relatively large. In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention - the insulation block is adhered to the first block and / or the second block with adhesive or glue; and / or the insulation block is mechanically attached to the first block and / or the second block, such as with bolts or screws. In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, the first block forms a right-angled parallelepiped, and the second block and the insulation block are L- - shaped. This design is suitable when the building block is to be used for an interior corner. In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, the first block and the insulation block are L-shaped, and the second block forms a right-angled parallelepiped.
    This design is suitable when the building block is to be used for an external corner.
    2 DK 2019 00693 A1 In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, the building block comprises a channel which extends in the longitudinal direction X between two opposite, distinct end surfaces of the building block. In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, the building block comprises a channel comprising two channel sections, the first channel section extending in a longitudinal direction X between two opposite, distinct end surfaces of the building block; and wherein the second channel section extends in the depth direction Y from an outer, distinct surface of the second block to the first channel section such that the first channel section is connected to the second channel section.
    A preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention comprises the building block comprising a channel comprising two channel sections, the first channel section extending in the height direction Z from an outer, upper distinct surface of the building block and a distance into the interior of the building block; and wherein the second channel section extends in the depth direction Y from an outer, distinct surface of the second block to the first channel section such that the first channel section is connected to the second channel section. In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, the building block comprises a channel comprising two channel sections, the first channel section extending in a longitudinal direction X between two opposite, distinct end surfaces of the building block; and wherein the second channel section extends in the height direction Z from an outer, upper distinct surface of the building block and a distance into the interior of the building block such that the first channel section is connected to the second channel section. In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, the building block comprises a channel comprising three channel sections; wherein the first channel section extends in the longitudinal direction X between two opposite, distinct end surfaces of the building block; and - wherein the second channel section extends in the height direction Z from an outer, upper distinct surface of the building block and a distance into the interior of the building block, such that the second channel section is connected to the first channel section; wherein the third channel section extends in the depth direction Y from an outer, distinct surface of the second block to the first channel section so that the third channel section is connected to the first channel section.
    In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, the first duct section is connected to the second duct section and the third duct section. In a preferred embodiment of the building block according to the first aspect of the invention, the building block comprises a channel which extends in the depth direction Y between two opposite surfaces. The above configurations for the course of the cinnamon serve different purposes with regard to - in which direction in relation to the building block, the collected radon is desired to be produced. According to a second aspect, the present invention relates to a building system comprising a number of building blocks, wherein one or more building blocks are each a building block according to the first aspect of the invention.
    2 DK 2019 00693 A1 If the building system comprises a number of building blocks with a continuous channel or a continuous channel section, which runs between two opposite, distinct surfaces, it may be preferred that two or more of these building blocks are similarly designed so that by arranging the building blocks in extension of each other can achieve that you can extend the cinnamon in - horizontal and / or vertical direction through the building blocks so mentioned.
    In a preferred embodiment of the building system according to the second aspect of the invention, the building system comprises one or more ordinary building blocks, each ordinary building block being defined as a building block according to the first aspect of the invention simply without the presence of any channel. Thus, in the present description and in the appended claims, an ordinary building block can be understood as meaning a building block according to the first aspect of the invention, only with the difference that for each channel and for each channel section occurring in the first block, the second block and / or the insulation block, this channel or channel section instead comprises the material corresponding to the block in which the channel or channel section occurs.
    In a preferred embodiment of the building system according to the second aspect of the invention, the building system comprises a building block according to the first aspect of the invention and a further pipe, the outer dimension of the pipe being adapted to an opening at a channel or a channel section at an outer upper distinct surface of the building block.
    In a preferred embodiment of the building system according to the second aspect of the invention, the pipe has a length of 75 - 650 cm, such as 100 - 600 cm, for example 150 - 550 cm, such as 200 - 500 cm, e.g. 250 - 450 cm or 300 - 400 cm.
    The present invention relates according to a third aspect to a method of manufacturing a building block according to the first aspect of the invention, comprising the steps of: a) providing a first block, a second block and an insulation block in the desired dimensions in such a way that the building block by assembly defines the channel or channels; b) assembling the first building block, the second building block and the insulation block in such a way that the insulation block is arranged between the first block and the second block; wherein the assembly is made by using glue or adhesive, or by mechanical adhesion, such as in the form of bolts or screws; c ¢) waiting for the glue or adhesive to harden if glue or adhesive is used.
    The present invention relates, according to a fourth aspect, to a method of manufacturing a building block according to the first aspect of the invention, comprising the steps of: a) providing a first block, a second block and an insulation block in the desired dimensions; b) assembling the first building block, the second building block and the insulation block in such a way that the insulation block is arranged between the first block and the second block; wherein the assembly is made by using glue or adhesive, or by mechanical adhesion, such as in the form of bolts or screws;
    1 DK 2019 00693 A1 c) waiting for the glue or adhesive to harden if glue or adhesive is used; d) formation of the channel or channels in the building block, e.g. when drilling and / or milling material. According to a fifth aspect, the present invention relates to the use of a building block according to the first aspect of the invention, or of a building system according to the second aspect of the invention as a building element (s) in a building. Referring now to the figures to illustrate the present invention, Figs. put in perspective a building block according to prior art. The building block 300 shown in Figs. 1a, is described in Danish utility model application DK 2011 00144 U3. The building block in Fig.
    1a comprises a first block 302, a second block 304 and an insulation block 306, the insulation block 6 being arranged between the first block 302 and the second block 304.
    In FIG. 1a, the building block 300 is shown in the orientation contemplated during use in building a foundation for a wall. As the insulation block is thus arranged between an outer block 302 and an inner block 304, an improvement of the insulation against external cold is obtained.
    It is seen in Figs. let the second block 304 be lower than the first block 302. This ensures an insulating and solid joint between a foundation and a cast floor. This is further illustrated in Figs. 1b.
    FIG. 1b shows a cross section of a wall / floor construction according to prior art. FIG. 1b shows the wall / floor construction 310 comprising a building block 300 as mentioned above with a first, outer block 302, a second block 304 and an insulating block 306 arranged therebetween. The building block 300, which forms part of a foundation, is arranged buried in soil 316.
    It is seen that the inner block 304 is lower than the outer block 302. This enables the concreting of a concrete floor 308 in the interior of the building with the building block 300 on top of loose, insulating concrete tiles 312. On top of resp. the floor 308 and the building block 300 can then be - cast a wall 314.
    It is easily understood that if the concrete floor eventually comprises cracks and fissures, radon will be able to seep up from the subsoil and through the cracked or cracked concrete floor 308, and thus be able to penetrate the interior 318 of the building.
    The present invention overcomes this problem. This is illustrated in Figs. 2a - 9.
    Fig. 2a shows in perspective an embodiment of a building block according to the present invention. The building block 100 in FIG. 2a comprises in the orientation intended during use: a first block 2 a second block 4 and an insulation block 6, the insulation block 6 being arranged between the first block 2 and the second block 4.
    It is seen in Figs. 2a, that the building block has an extension in a longitudinal direction X, in a depth direction - Y as well as a height direction Z.
    1 DK 2019 00693 A1 The building block thus comprises a number of distinct surfaces 8,82,8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, 8f, which are separated in pairs by an edge 10. The edges 10 may be an outer edge 10a (convex) or it may be an inner edge 10b (concave). It is further seen in Figs. 2a, that the building block comprises a channel 12, which defines a passage from one distinct surface 8 to another distinct surface 8, in the specific case from the surface 8a to the surface 8f. The channel 12 in the building block 100, which is shown in Figs. 2a thus extends from a first distinct end surface 8a to an opposite distinct end surface 8f in a longitudinal direction and along a lower, outer surface of the insulating block 6.
    This is further illustrated in Figs. 2b, which shows in cross section the embodiment of FIG. 2a.
    FIG. 2b further shows that the first block 2 has substantially the same height Hi as the insulation block Hs, and that the second block has a lower height H ».
    FIG. 2b also shows that a first interface 14 is defined between the insulation block 6 and the first block 2, and that a second interface 16 is defined between the insulation block 6 and the second block 4, where the first interface part 4 and the second interface 16 each located in the XZ plane.
    With the building block illustrated in Figs. 2a and 2b it can be ensured that the radon which is captured inside the channel 12 will be able to be led away from the building block and thus the foundation, if several of such building blocks are arranged in extension of each other.
    To enable the inventive building block illustrated in Figs. 2a and 2b, to be able to direct radon away from the interior of a building, however, it must first be ensured that radon is led into the building block channel 12.
    This can be made possible by corresponding building blocks which comprise a channel extending from a distinct outer surface of the second block and which are connected to the channel 12 in the building block shown in Figs. 2a and 2b.
    Such building blocks are shown in Figs. 3 and 6.
    FIG. 3 shows in cross section another embodiment of a building block according to the present invention.
    In FIG. 3 shows the building block 100 comprising a channel 12, which in turn comprises two channel sections - 12a, 12b, the first channel section 12a extending in a longitudinal direction X between two opposite, distinct end surfaces 8 of the building block as shown for the building block in Figs. 2a and 2b. The second channel section 12b extends in the depth direction Y from an outer, distinct surface 8 of the second block 4 at an opening 20 to the first channel section 12a so that the first channel section 12a is connected to the second channel section 12b.
    It will be appreciated that if the building block 100 shown in FIG. 3, is used for a foundation for a wall for a building so that a concrete floor is cast on top of the (inner) second block 4 (which
    H DK 2019 00693 A1 faces the interior of the building), as the substrate in the interior of the building (also called the suction layer) is first filled with loose clinker or other form of loose insulation, or further / alternatively built with EPS radon board, then you will achieve, that radon, which is under the concrete floor, can be directed via the duct section 12b to the duct section 12a, where it
    - then will be able to be led away from the house and away from the foundation.
    FIG. 6 shows in cross section another embodiment of a similar building block according to the present invention.
    In FIG. 6 shows the building block 100 comprising a channel 12, which in turn comprises three channel sections 12a, 12b, 12c.
    The first channel section 12a extends in the longitudinal direction X between two opposite, distinct end surfaces 8 of the building block, as shown for the building block in Figs. 2a, FIG. 2b and FIG. The second channel section 12b extends in the height direction Z from an outer, upper distinct surface 8 of the building block and a distance into the interior of the building block to the first channel section 12a so that the second channel section 12b is connected to the first channel section 12a.
    The third channel section 12c extends in the depth direction Y from an outer, distinct surface 8 of the second block to the second channel section 12b so that the third channel section 12c is connected to the first channel section 12a.
    Also with this embodiment of a building block 100 it can be achieved, when the building block 100 is used as a foundation for a wall for a building, that radon can be removed from the area under a concrete floor which is partially cast on top of the second block 4 of the building block. radon via the duct section 12 c is directed to the duct section 12a.
    From the channel section 12a, the randon can be led away in the horizontal direction via the channel section 12a itself or the radon can be led away in the vertical direction via the channel section 12b.
    FIG. 4 and 5 illustrate further alternative embodiments of the building block according to the present invention.
    Fig. 4 thus shows in cross section yet another embodiment of a building block according to the present invention.
    Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of a building block corresponding to the building block illustrated in Figs. 6, simply without the longitudinal channel section.
    The building block in Fig. 4 comprises a channel comprising two channel sections 12a, 12b, the first - channel section 12a extending in the height direction Z from an outer, upper distinct surface 8 of the building block and a distance into the interior of the building block.
    The second channel section 12b extends in the depth direction Y from an outer, distinct surface 8 of the second block 4 to the first channel section 12a so that the first channel section 12a is connected to the second channel section 12b.
    The building block in Figs. 4, the duct 12 thus extends from an outer, distinct surface 8 of the second block 4 to an upper, distinct surface 8 of the insulation block 6.
    13 DK 2019 00693 A1 With the building block 100 shown in Fig. 4, it can be achieved that radon via the duct section 12b can be led away from the area under a concrete floor which is partially cast on top of the second block 4 of the building block 100. From the duct section 12b the radon can be led away in the vertical direction via the duct section 12a. FIG. 5 shows in cross section another alternative embodiment of a building block according to the present invention. In FIG. 5 it can be seen that the building block 100 comprises a channel 12, which in turn comprises two channel sections 12a, 12b, the first channel section 12a extending in a longitudinal direction X between two opposite, distinct end surfaces 8 of the building block, as illustrated for the building block, shown in Figs. 2a, 2b and 3. The second channel section 12b extends in the height direction Z from an outer, upper distinct surface 8 of the building block and a distance into the interior of the building block so that the first channel section 12a is connected to the second channel section 12b. With the building block 100 shown in Figs. 5, it can be achieved that radon located in the channel section - 12a can be led away in the vertical direction via the channel section 12a, e.g. out in the open. Fig. 6 shows in cross section another alternative embodiment of a building block according to the present invention. In FIG. 6 it can be seen that the building block 100 comprises a channel 12, which in turn comprises three channel sections 12a, 12b and 12c. The first channel section 12a extends in a longitudinal direction X between two opposite, m-distinct end surfaces 8 of the building block, as illustrated for the building block shown in Figs. 2a, 2b and 3. The second channel section 12b extends in the height direction Z from an outer, upper distinct surface 8 of the building block and a distance into the interior of the building block so that the first channel section 12a is connected to the second channel section 12b.
    The third channel section 12c extends in the depth direction Y from an outer surface 8 of the building block and into the building block to the first channel section 12a. With the building block 100 shown in Figs. 6, it can be achieved that radon collected under the concrete floor of a building can be led to the first channel section 12b via the third channel section 12c. from here radon can be led away either in the horizontal direction via the first channel section 12a, or - also in the vertical direction via the second channel section 12b. FIG. 7a shows in cross section yet another alternative embodiment of a building block according to the present invention. FIG. Fig. 7b shows in cross section an alternative embodiment of the building block shown in Figs. 7a. In FIG. 7a it is seen that the building block 100 comprises a channel 12, extending in a depth direction Y between two opposite, distinct 8 of the building block, namely resp. the two surfaces corresponding to an inner surface of a foundation and the opposite outer surface.
    1 DK 2019 00693 A1 It can be seen that the channel 12 runs inside the interior of the building block. FIG. 7b shows an alternative embodiment of the building block in Figs. 7a, where the channel 12 extends along the bottom of the building block, the channel thereby not being completely surrounded by the material of the building block. Fig. 8a shows in perspective an embodiment of a building block according to the present invention, which serves to form an inner corner of a foundation. It is seen in Figs. 8a, that the building block 100 comprises a first block 2, which constitutes a right-angled parallelepiped, and where the second block 4 and the insulation block 6 are L-shaped. This makes the building block suitable for forming an inner corner of a foundation. It is seen —iFig. 8a that the second building block 4 at the surface 8, which will face the interior of a building, comprises an opening 20 for a channel 12. The channel 12 leads, for example, through the building block to the opposite, vertical surface of the first building block. 2. The latter surface thus faces away from the interior of the finished building. FIG. 8b shows in perspective an embodiment of a building block according to the present invention, which serves to form an outer corner 1 a foundation. It is seen in Figs. 8b, that the building block 100 comprises a first block 2 and an insulation block 6, both of which are L-shaped. In addition, the building block comprises a second block 4, which forms a right-angled parallelepiped. This makes the building block suitable for forming an outer corner of a foundation. It is seen — again in FIG. 8b that the second building block 4 at the surface 8, which will face the interior of a building, comprises an opening 20 for a channel 12. The channel 12 leads, for example, through the building block to the opposite, vertical surface of the first building block. 2. The latter surface thus faces away from the interior of the finished building. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a building system according to the present invention. In FIG. 9 shows a part of a building system 200 which comprises the building block 100 and the pipe 18. The building block 100 has a design with a channel 12 comprising two channel sections 12a, 12b as explained with respect to Figs. A pipe 18 is arranged in the opening 20, which is arranged in the upper surface 8 of the building block.
    When several building blocks with a longitudinal channel, such as the channel 12a shown in Figs. 9, are arranged 1 extension of each other, radon collected under a concrete floor in a house, via a building block as shown in fig. 3 or 6 is led into a longitudinal channel 12 which extends in the longitudinal direction of the building block. If one of the building blocks arranged in extension of each other is a building block which has a design as shown in either fig. 5, 6 or 9, a pipe 18 can be arranged in the opening 20 of the channel 12 facing upwards.
    i. DK 2019 00693 A1 In this way, radon can be collected and guided away from the building in a vertical direction along a foundation. At the upper end of the pipe, it will be possible to arrange an extraction device, such as an air pump, which will continuously search to provide a suction in the duct 12 for the purpose of collecting and removing radon from the building. Such a suction device can also be arranged at other locations for the duct
    With the various aspects of the invention, a healthy indoor climate in a building can thus be ensured. It is to be understood that all features and achievements set forth above and in the appended claims relating to one aspect of the present invention and embodiments thereof may likewise be used in conjunction with the other aspects of the invention as well as embodiments thereof.
    6 DK 2019 00693 A1 Figure references 2 First block of building block 4 Second block of building block 6 Insulation block of building block —8,8a, 8b, 8c Distinct surface of building block 8d, 8e, 8f Distinct surface of building block Edge between distinct surfaces of building block 10a Inner edge of distinct surface of building block 10b Exterior edge of distinct surface of building block 10 12,12 Duct in building block 12a, 12b, 12c Duct section in building block 14 Interface between insulation block and first block 16 Interface between insulation block and second block 18 Pipe Opening to duct at building block distinct surface 100 Building block 200 Building system 300 Ordinary building block according to prior art 302 First block of building block according to prior art 20 304 Second block of building block according to prior art 306 Insulation block of building block according to prior art 308 Floor in wall / floor construction according to prior art 310 Wall in wall / floor construction according to prior art 312 Loose lightweight tiles in floor construction according to prior art 314 Wall 316 Soil 318 Interior of b ygning
    权利要求:
    Claims (32)
    [1]
    A building block (100), wherein the building block in the orientation intended during use comprises: - a first block (2); -another block (4); an insulation block (6); wherein the insulation block 6 is arranged between the first block (2) and the second block (4); wherein the building block has an extension in a longitudinal direction X, in a depth direction Y and in a height direction Z; wherein the building block thus comprises a number of distinct surfaces (8,82,8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, 8f), which - are separated in pairs by an edge (10,10a, 10b); characterized in that the building block comprises one or more channels (12), one or more of these one or more channels defining a passage from one distinct surface (8) to another distinct surface (8).
    [2]
    A building block (100) according to claim 1, wherein a first interface (14) is defined between the insulation block (6) and the first block (2), and wherein a second interface (14) is defined between the insulation block (6) and the second block (4). interface (16), wherein the first interface (14) and the second interface (16) each lie in an XZ plane.
    [3]
    A building block (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first block (2) and / or the second block (4) comprises a mineral material such as clay, cement, concrete such as a Leca®.
    [4]
    A building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the insulation block (6) comprises a porous or foamed material, such as rock wool or glass wool; or polystyrene, polyurethane.
    [5]
    Building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 4, wherein one or more of the channels (12) extend from one distinct surface (8) of the building block to the other distinct surface (8) of the building block partially or completely inside the interior of the building block.
    [6]
    A building block (100) according to any one of claims I - 5, wherein one or more of the channels (12) extend from one distinct surface (8) of the building block to the other distinct surface (8) of the building block partially or completely along a portion of a distinct surface of the building block.
    [7]
    A building block according to any one of claims 1 - 6, wherein one or more of the channels (12) independently run through at least a part of the first block (2) and / or at least through a part of the second block (4) and / or at least through a part of the insulation block (6).
    8 DK 2019 00693 A1
    [8]
    Building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 7, wherein the first block (2) and / or the second block (4) and / or the insulation block (6), if any presence of the channel or channels (12) form a right-angled parallelepiped.
    [9]
    A building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 7, wherein the building block has a shape such that a cross section of the building block in the XY plane, at least at one given height, and preferably at any height of the building block , defines a rectangle, or defines a trapezoidal shape, where two angles of this trapezoidal shape are right-angled, and where other two angles of this trapezoidal shape are not right-angled.
    [10]
    Building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 9, wherein the extent Hi i - the height direction Z of the first block (2), the extent H, in the height direction Z of the second block (4) and the extent H; in the height direction Z of the insulation block (6) is substantially the same.
    [11]
    A building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 9, wherein the extent Hi in the height direction Z of the first block (2) and the extent Hs in the height direction Z of - the insulation block (6) are substantially the same; and wherein the extent H »in the height direction Z of the second block (4) is less than the extent Hi in the height direction Z of the first block (2).
    [12]
    Building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 11, wherein the extension L 1 in the longitudinal direction X of the first block (2) and the extension L in the longitudinal direction X of the second block (4) and the extension Ls in the longitudinal direction X of the insulation block (6) is essentially the same.
    [13]
    Building block 100 according to any one of claims 1 - 11, wherein the extent L 1 in the longitudinal direction X of the first block (2) and the extent L, in the longitudinal direction X of the second block (4) are substantially the same; and wherein the extension L3 in the longitudinal direction X of the insulation block (6) is greater than the extensions L1, L, in the longitudinal direction X of resp. the - first block (2) and the second block (4).
    [14]
    A building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 13, wherein the first block (2) has an extension D in the depth direction Y, and wherein the second block (4) has an extension D »in the depth direction Y, and wherein the insulation block (6) has an extension Ds in the depth direction Y; where Di = D) = D :; or where D1 <D »= Ds; or where D1 = Dy <D; or where D1 <D2 <Ds.
    [15]
    A building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 14, wherein the insulation block (6) is adhered to the first block (2) and / or the second block (4) with adhesive or glue; and / or wherein the insulating block (6) is mechanically attached to the first block (2) and / or the second block (4), such as with bolts or screws.
    [16]
    A building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 15, wherein the first block (2), the second block (4) and the insulation block (6) each comprise planar bottom surfaces which define a common plane.
    19 DK 2019 00693 A1
    [17]
    A building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 16, wherein the first block (2) forms a right-angled parallelepiped, and wherein the second block (4) and the insulation block (6) are L-shaped.
    [18]
    A building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 16, wherein the first block (2) and the insulation block (6) are L-shaped, and wherein the second block (4) forms a right-angled parallelepiped.
    [19]
    A building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 18, wherein the building block comprises a channel (12) extending in the longitudinal direction X between two opposite, distinct end surfaces (8) of the building block.
    [20]
    A building block (100) according to any one of claims I - 18, wherein the building block comprises a channel (12) comprising two channel sections (12a, 12b), the first channel section (12a) extending in a longitudinal direction X between two opposite, distinct end surfaces (8) for the building block; and wherein the second channel section (12b) extends in the depth direction Y from an outer, distinct surface (8) of the second block (4) to the first channel section (12a) such that the first channel section (12a) is connected to the second channel section (12b).
    [21]
    A building block (100) according to any one of claims I - 18, wherein the building block comprises a channel comprising two channel sections (12a, 12b), the first channel section (12a) extending in the height direction Z from an outer, upper distinct surface ( 8) of the building block and a piece into the interior of the building block; and wherein the second channel section (12b) extends in - the depth direction Y from an outer, distinct surface (8) of the second block (4) to the first channel section (12a) so that the first channel section (12a) is connected to the second channel section (12b).
    [22]
    A building block (100) according to any one of claims I - 18, wherein the building block comprises a channel (12) comprising two channel sections (12a, 12b), the first channel section (12a) - extending in a longitudinal direction X between two opposite , distinct end surfaces (8) for the building block; and wherein the second channel section (12b) extends in the height direction Z from an outer, upper distinct surface (8) of the building block and a distance into the interior of the building block such that the first channel section (12a) is connected to the second channel section (12b).
    [23]
    A building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 18, wherein the building block - comprises a channel comprising three channel sections (12a, 12b, 12c); wherein the first channel section (12a) extends in the longitudinal direction X between two opposite, distinct end surfaces (8) of the building block; and wherein the second channel section (12b) extends in the height direction Z from an outer, upper distinct surface (8) of the building block and a distance into the interior of the building block, so that the second channel section (12b) is connected to the first channel section (12a) ; wherein the third channel section (12c) extends in the depth direction Y from an outer, distinct surface (8) of the second block to the first channel section (12a) so that the third channel section (12c) is connected to the first channel section (12a).
    [24]
    The building block (100) of claim 23, wherein the first channel section (12a) is connected to the second channel section (12b) and the third channel section (12c).
    0 DK 2019 00693 A1
    [25]
    A building block (100) according to any one of claims I - 18, wherein the building block comprises a channel (12) which extends in the depth direction Y between two opposite surfaces (8).
    [26]
    A building system (200) comprising a plurality of building blocks, one or more building blocks each being a building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 25.
    [27]
    A building system (200) according to claim 26, wherein the building system comprises one or more ordinary building blocks (300), each ordinary building block being defined as a building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 25 simply without the presence of any channel (12).
    [28]
    A building system (200) according to claim 26 or 27, wherein the building system comprises a building block (100) according to any one of claims 21 - 24, and wherein the system further comprises a pipe (18), the outer dimension of the pipe being adapted to an opening. (20) by a channel or a channel section at an outer, upper distinct surface (8) of the building block.
    [29]
    Building system (200) according to claim 28, wherein the pipe (18) has a length, h of 75 - 650 cm, such as 100 - 600 cm, for example 150 - 550 cm, such as 200 - 500 cm, e.g. 250 - 450 cm or 300 - 400 cm.
    [30]
    A method of manufacturing a building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 25, comprising the steps of: a) providing a first block (2), a second block (4) and an insulation block (6) in the desired dimensions in such a way that the building block on assembly defines the channel or channels (12); —B) assembling the first building block (2), the second building block (4) and the insulation block (6) in such a way that the insulation block (6) is arranged between the first block (2) and the second block (4); wherein the assembly is made by using glue or adhesive, or by mechanical adhesion, such as in the form of bolts or screws; c) waiting for the glue or adhesive to harden if glue or adhesive is used.
    [31]
    A method of manufacturing a building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 25, comprising the steps of: a) providing a first block (2), a second block (4) and an insulation block (6) in the desired dimensions; b) assembling the first building block (2), the second building block (4) and the insulation block (6) in such a way that the insulation block (6) is arranged between the first block (2) and the second block (4); wherein the assembly is made by using glue or adhesive, or by mechanical adhesion, such as in the form of bolts or screws; c) waiting for the glue or adhesive to harden if glue or adhesive is used; d) formation of the channel or channels (12) in the building block, e.g. when drilling and / or milling material.
    1 DK 2019 00693 A1
    [32]
    Use of a building block (100) according to any one of claims 1 - 25, or of a building system (200) according to any one of claims 26 - 29 as a building element (s) in a building.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DK180381B1|2021-02-22|
    DK201900051U3|2020-09-10|
    EP3748096A1|2020-12-09|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB1441142A|1973-03-19|1976-06-30|Wilson R|Building blocks|
    DE7537653U|1974-11-29|1976-04-15|Moritz, Jean-Pierre, Molsheim, Soultz-Les-Bains |PRE-FABRICATED, BLOCK-LIKE BRICK|
    BE1003295A6|1990-01-10|1992-02-18|Grave Daniel De|Construction element|
    DK201100144Y6|2011-09-26|2020-01-22|Skagen Cementstøberi A/S|building Block|
    DE202014006652U1|2014-08-13|2014-09-26|Abdulrahman Mohammed Altuwayjiri|Building material block and arrangement of building material blocks|
    法律状态:
    2021-02-18| PAT| Application published|Effective date: 20201208 |
    2021-02-22| PME| Patent granted|Effective date: 20210222 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DKPA201900693A|DK180381B1|2019-06-07|2019-06-07|Building block for a foundation|DKPA201900693A| DK180381B1|2019-06-07|2019-06-07|Building block for a foundation|
    DKBA201900051U| DK201900051U3|2019-06-07|2019-06-21|Building block for a foundation|
    EP20178252.1A| EP3748096A1|2019-06-07|2020-06-04|Building block for a foundation|
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